DuBois, in his pathbreaking but long-underappreciated Black Reconstruction, recognized not only the depth of Jim Crow racism in education, but also the scope and consequence of black educational activism in the postbellum and early twentieth century South. The story that Charles Houston, Thurgood Marshall, and other colleagues told in court was not the only story to tell about African-American education in the U.S. Segregation produced material inequality like that which they documented on film, and further it yielded psychological damage that meant segregated schools were “inherently unequal,” an inequality that could not be conquered by new buildings or new books.
Freedom School Students Reenact Slave Revolt, Hattisburg, Mississippi, 1964: Source: Wisconsin Historical Society.Īlthough Houston and colleagues-alongside local activists in black communities around the country-likely had their own complex experiences with schooling in segregated black schools, in court they focused on a more simplified tale.
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